Psychology

Table of Contents

• Chapter 1: Introducing Psychology

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Psychology as a Science
  • The Evolution of Psychology: History, Approaches, and Questions
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 2: Psychological Science

  • Psychologists Use the Scientific Method to Guide Their Research
  • Psychologists Use Descriptive, Correlational, and Experimental Research Designs to Understand Behavior
  • You Can Be an Informed Consumer of Psychological Research
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 3: Brains, Bodies, and Behavior

  • Chapter Introduction
  • The Neuron Is the Building Block of the Nervous System
  • Our Brains Control Our Thoughts, Feelings, and Behavior
  • Psychologists Study the Brain Using Many Different Methods
  • Putting It All Together: The Nervous System and the Endocrine System
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 4: Sensing and Perceiving

  • Chapter Introduction
  • We Experience Our World Through Sensation
  • Seeing
  • Hearing
  • Tasting, Smelling, and Touching
  • Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Perception
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 5: States of Consciousness

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Sleeping and Dreaming Revitalize Us for Action
  • Altering Consciousness With Psychoactive Drugs
  • Altering Consciousness Without Drugs
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 6: Growing and Developing

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Conception and Prenatal Development
  • Infancy and Childhood: Exploring and Learning
  • Adolescence: Developing Independence and Identity
  • Early and Middle Adulthood: Building Effective Lives
  • Late Adulthood: Aging, Retiring, and Bereavement
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 7: Learning

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Learning by Association: Classical Conditioning
  • Changing Behavior Through Reinforcement and Punishment: Operant Conditioning
  • Learning by Insight and Observation
  • Using the Principles of Learning to Understand Everyday Behavior
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 8: Remembering and Judging

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Memories as Types and Stages
  • How We Remember: Cues to Improving Memory
  • Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Memory and Cognition
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 9: Intelligence and Language

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Defining and Measuring Intelligence
  • The Social, Cultural, and Political Aspects of Intelligence
  • Communicating With Others: The Development and Use of Language
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 10: Emotions and Motivations

  • Chapter Introduction
  • The Experience of Emotion
  • Stress: The Unseen Killer
  • Positive Emotions: The Power of Happiness
  • Two Fundamental Human Motivations: Eating and Mating
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 11: Personality

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Personality and Behavior: Approaches and Measurement
  • The Origins of Personality
  • Is Personality More Nature or More Nurture? Behavioral and Molecular Genetics
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 12: Defining Psychological Disorders

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Psychological Disorder: What Makes a Behavior “Abnormal”?
  • Anxiety and Dissociative Disorders: Fearing the World Around Us
  • Mood Disorders: Emotions as Illness
  • Schizophrenia: The Edge of Reality and Consciousness
  • Personality Disorders
  • Somatoform, Factitious, and Sexual Disorders
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 13: Treating Psychological Disorders

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Reducing Disorder by Confronting It: Psychotherapy
  • Reducing Disorder Biologically: Drug and Brain Therapy
  • Reducing Disorder by Changing the Social Situation
  • Evaluating Treatment and Prevention: What Works?
  • Chapter Summary

• Chapter 14: Psychology in Our Social Lives

  • Chapter Introduction
  • Social Cognition: Making Sense of Ourselves and Others
  • Interacting With Others: Helping, Hurting, and Conforming
  • Working With Others: The Costs and Benefits of Social Groups
  • Chapter Summary